How do I take a screenshot on Linux?

On most modern desktop environments (like GNOME or KDE Plasma):

press PrtScn

This will typically capture the entire screen and save it to your Pictures folder, or open a screenshot utility dialog.

How do I capture the active window?

press Alt + PrtScn

How do I capture a specific area?

press Shift + PrtScn

Your cursor turns into a crosshair allowing you to select an area.